加拿大阿尔伯塔论文代写:攻击性背后力量

Keywords:加拿大阿尔伯塔论文代写:攻击性背后力量

我现在要讨论的是这种攻击性背后的力量。克莱因经常声称，婴儿有一种与生俱来的冲动，要摧毁一切美好的东西。然而，David Hiles认为“这只是对嫉妒机制的误解”。因此，嫉妒是导致这种对外部对象的仇恨的力量，不可避免地导致侵略。这种嫉妒是婴儿自我体验到他们想要或需要的东西被否定的结果。例如，母亲可能拥有但保留了婴儿想要的东西，例如婴儿想要被喂养或被关注。因此，嫉妒是“一种冲突的感觉，即一个人希望得到的、通常会得到的、但被抑制的东西”。婴儿内心的嫉妒冲动鼓励他们攻击他们最初所依赖的东西。梅勒妮·克莱因认为乳房是婴儿羡慕的第一个东西。因此，扣留婴儿相信含有“善意”的乳房，会导致婴儿做出侵略性的反应，经常咬母亲的身体，或通过幻想攻击她。然而，如果母亲提供了一个养育和爱的环境，如果偏执-分裂阶段被容忍和克服，那么正常的发展通常会随之而来。过度的嫉妒会导致自我弱化，也会引发强烈的负罪感。婴儿意识到他们通过嫉妒的攻击正在破坏给他们提供善良的主要的好对象。因此，他们逐渐进入压抑的状态，慢慢开始意识到母亲是一个完整的客体，他们爱与恨是同一个客体。
加拿大阿尔伯塔论文代写:攻击性背后力量
I am now going to discuss the force which is behind the feeling of aggression. Klein is often claiming that the infant has an innate drive to destroy everything that is good. However, David Hiles suggests that “this is simply a misunderstanding of the mechanism of envy”. Thus, envy is the force which leads to such hatred of an external object, inevitably causing aggression. This envy is a result of the infant’s ego experiencing a denial of something they want or need. For example, the mother may be possessing yet withholding something which the infant desires, such as the infant wanting to be fed, or to be given attention. Envy is therefore “the feeling of conflict that what one desires, and would normally be forthcoming, but is being withheld”. The envious impulse within the infant encourages them to attack the very source which they originally relied upon for what was desired. Melanie Klein believed the breast to be the first object envied by the infant. Thus, withholding the breast, which the infant trusts to contain ‘goodness’, causes the infant to respond aggressively, often biting the mother physically, or attacking her through phantasy.However, if a nurturing and loving environment is provided by the mother, and if the Paranoid-Schizoid stage is tolerated and worked through, then normal development will often follow. Excessive envy can lead to a weakened ego, also triggering an intense feeling of guilt. The infant realises that they are destroying the primary good object which is providing them with goodness through their envious attacks. Thus, they are gradually enter the Depressive Position, and slowly begin to realise that the mother is a whole object, and that they love and hate the same object.