加拿大代写作业:二元论

Keywords:加拿大代写作业:二元论

虽然第一次使用“二元论”一词是在14世纪，用来描述伊斯兰信仰(REFERENCE)，但对二元论谈论最多的西方哲学家是勒奈·笛卡尔(Rene Descartes)。笛卡尔相信一切非物质的东西;所有能被描述但不能被物理定位的感觉和感觉都成为你的思想或灵魂的一部分。笛卡尔的二元论，即笛卡尔的二元论，是建立在非常确定的思想基础上的。他说精神和身体是两个完全不同的东西，所有的物质都有一种特殊的性质。举个例子，精神的属性是意识，这是一个实体，它的全部本质是思考(因此不占据空间)，而身体或物质的属性是长度、呼吸或深度(因此它们的本质是占据空间)。相对于身体而言，精神被广泛认为是一种无形的实体和非物质的实体，它是延展的，可以以其大小、形状、位置或运动(引用)来描述它的许多物质形式。笛卡尔认为，心灵是一个人的感觉、感觉和思想只有自己知道的地方，而身体的所有功能都是所有人都看得见的。他的理论还主张，身体和精神是相互作用的，精神对身体有影响，身体对精神有影响，尽管身体和精神是分开的。他坚持认为，我们的身份来自于思考和推理的能力，因此可以想象，我们可以在没有身体的情况下生存(因为灵魂/头脑与身体是分离的)，但仍然是同一个人。笛卡尔相信，我们不需要我们的身体来过一种知性的，有知觉的，活跃的生活，因此，心灵可以逃避死亡。他认为，即使我们彻底改变或改变了我们的外貌，它也不会影响我们的性格，通过观察，仍然有可能通过他或她的性格(参考)来识别一个人。像笛卡尔断言
加拿大代写作业:二元论
Although the first use of the term ‘dualism’ was cited in the 14th century to describe the Islamic faith (REFERENCE), the Western philosopher who spoke most about dualism was René Descartes. Descartes believed that everything non-physical; all feelings and sensations that can be described but cannot be located physically become part of your mind or soul. Descartes’ dualism, (known as Cartesian Dualism) rested on very certain and definite ideas. He stated that the mind and body were two very different things and that all substances have a property of a special nature. To offer an example, the property of the mind is consciousness, an entity whose entire essence is to think (and therefore takes up no space), whereas the properties of bodily or material substances are length, breath or depth (and therefore their essence is to take up space). The mind has been widely considered as an intangible entity and non-physical in contrast to the body, which is extended and can take many material forms which can be described by their size, shape, position or movement (REFERENCE). Descartes considered that that the mind is the place in which a person’s feelings, sensations and thoughts are known only to themselves, whilst all of the functions that the body performs are observable to all. His theory also asserted the idea that both the body and mind interact with each other, the mind having an effect on the body and the body having an effect on the mind, although the body and mind remain separate. He maintained that our identity comes from the ability to think and reason and it is therefore conceivable that we could survive without our bodies (as the soul/mind is separate from the body) and still remain the same person. Descartes was convinced that that we didn’t need our bodies to live an intellectually aware and active life and consequently the mind could escape death. He felt that even if we drastically changed or altered our appearance, then it would not affect our personalities and upon observation it would still be possible to recognise someone by reference to his or her character (REFERENCE). As Descartes asserted