加拿大温哥华论文代写:德源自上帝

Keywords:加拿大温哥华论文代写:德源自上帝

道德源自上帝吗?还是它独立于他的存在而存在，不受任意决定的支配?关于这些问题的第一次讨论出现在柏拉图的《Euthyphro》中，柏拉图记录了苏格拉底和Euthyphro(一位先知和圣人)之间关于虔诚和圣洁本质的反复论证。在这次对话中产生的问题已经扩大到即使在现代宗教背景下也仍然有意义。它已经获得了如此多的名声，以至于在这个对话中提出的核心问题现在被称为Euthyphro困境。在对话中，苏格拉底给了Euthyphro一个选择，“什么是神爱的神圣，因为它是神圣的，还是因为它被神爱的神圣?””(柏拉图10)。我将为第一个观点辩护:有独立的道德标准，与任何神或神的命令相分离，有一个至高无上的框架，神藉此理解什么是道德。进退两难的概念是在两个同样不利(或有利)的选项之间进行选择。为了理解为什么上面列出的每个选项对Euthyphro来说都是不合适的，我们需要理解两者的含义。为了证明我的论点，我将用“上帝”代替柏拉图的“上帝”，用“道德”代替“神圣”。这些变化不会影响论点的力度或说服力，而且会使这种困境更贴近现代读者。
加拿大温哥华论文代写:德源自上帝
Does morality stem from God? Or does it exist independently of his presence, not subject to arbitrary decisions? The first discussion over these questions appeared in Plato’s Euthyphro, in which Plato chronicles the proceedings of a highly repetitive argument between Socrates and Euthyphro, a prophet and holy man, over the nature of piety and holiness. The questions produced in this dialogue have been expanded to remain relevant even in a modern religious context. It has achieved so much fame that the core question presented in this dialogue is now known as the Euthyphro Dilemma. In the dialogue, Socrates presents Euthyphro with a choice, “Is what is holy loved by the gods because it is holy, or is it holy because it is loved [by the gods]?”(Plato 10). I will defend the first view: the idea that there are independent moral standards, separate of any deity or their commands, and that there is a sovereign framework by which God understands what is moral.A dilemma is the concept of forcing a choice between two options that are either equally unfavorable (or favorable). To understand why each of the options set out above are objectionable for Euthyphro, we need to comprehend the implications of both. In order to make my argument, I will substitute the word `God’ for Plato’s ‘gods’, and the word ‘moral’ for ‘holy’. These changes will not affect the strength or cogency of the argument, and will make the dilemma more relevant to the modern reader.